Researchers use diamonds to develop quantum gravity sensors

[ Instrument network instrument research and development ] Researchers from University College London (UCL), the University of Groningen, and the University of Warwick have proposed a detector based on quantum technology. The detector is only 1/4000 of the currently used detectors and can Detect intermediate frequency gravity waves. This new research shows that tiny diamond crystals can be used as extremely sensitive small gravitational detectors capable of measuring gravitational waves.
Einstein's general theory of relativity predicts that gravitational waves are space-time fluctuations produced by certain movements of massive objects. Studying them is important because they allow us to detect events in the universe that would otherwise have little or no observable light, such as black hole collisions.
In 2015, the Laser Interferometer Gravity Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo collaborated to make direct observations of gravity waves for the first time. These waves were emitted by a 1.3 billion-year-old collision between two supermassive black holes. Scientists detected them using a 4-km-long optical interferometer.
The above-mentioned research report, published in the New Journal of Physics, details how to use the latest quantum and experimental techniques to construct a system that can simultaneously measure and compare the intensity of gravity at two locations detector.
In order to make the gravitational wave detector more accurate and convenient to use, researchers from UCL, the University of Groningen and the University of Warwick tried to use the most advanced quantum technology and experimental technology to build a detector that can simultaneously measure and compare the gravity intensity of two locations .
By using nano-scale diamond crystals weighing 10 ^ -17 kg, it can work. Stern-Gerlach interferometry is used to place the crystal in the quantum space superposition. Spatial superposition is a quantum state in which crystals exist in two different positions at the same time.
Quantum mechanics allows objects (no matter how large) to be spatially delocalized in two different locations at once. Although it is counterintuitive and directly conflicts with our daily experience, the superposition principle of quantum mechanics has been verified by experiments with neutrons, electrons, ions, and molecules.
Corresponding author Ryan Marshman (UCL Physics and Astronomy and UCLQ) said: "Quantum gravity sensors already exist using the principle of superposition. These sensors are used to measure Newtonian gravity and create extremely accurate measuring devices. The quantum mass used in current quantum gravity sensors Much smaller, such as atoms, but more in-depth experiments are advancing a series of new interferometric techniques that enable our equipment to study gravity waves more thoroughly."
"We found that compared to LIGO, our detectors can detect gravitational wave frequencies in a different range. These frequencies are only possible when scientists build large-scale detectors in space, with baselines of hundreds of thousands. Kilometers."
The research team envisions that their proposed smaller detector can be used to construct a detector network that can extract gravitational wave signals from background noise. The network may also be useful in providing precise information about the exact location of objects that are generating gravity waves.
"Although our proposed sensor is very ambitious in its application range (seemingly difficult to achieve), there does not seem to be any fundamental or insurmountable obstacles to using current and near future technologies to create sensors." Co-author Professor Sougato Bose said: “All the technical elements for making this detector have been implemented in different experiments around the world: the required force, the required vacuum quality, the method of stacking the crystals. The difficulty lies in putting all these Together and make sure the overlay remains intact."
The next step is for the team to work with experimenters to start building prototypes of the equipment. Importantly, as shown by the latest research in UCL and elsewhere, the same type of detector can also help detect whether gravity is a quantum force.
Ryan Marshman, one of the research leaders, said: "In fact, our initial goal was to develop a device that can explore non-classical gravity. However, due to the large amount of effort required to implement such a device, we later found It is very important to check the effectiveness of this device for measuring very weak classical gravity (such as gravity waves) and find it very promising!"

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Main function

 Standard function
1 Inspection operation   29 Over speed protection
2 Slow speed running   30 Contact protection for brake switches
3 Automatic door opening time adjustment   31 Interphone communication
4 Full load bypass   32 Wheeling protection
5 Automatic turn off lighting and fun   33 Alarm bell
6 Automatic return to home landing   34 Emergency lighting
7 Door re-closing   35 Level switch protection
8 Error recording   36 False call canceling
9 Hoist way self learning   37 Automatic reversal call canceling
10 Automatic door opening     38 Floor display directional setup
11 Attendant service   39 Isolate running
12 Bypass operation   40 Dot matrix floor indicator
13 Automatic correction of floor position signal   41 Rolling display of running direction
14 Lift locking   42 CAN communication protection
15 Protection of door lock up outside dooor area   43 Arrival gong
16 Infrared light curtain protection   44 Emergency return in case of fire
17 Over load protection   45 Main control protection
18 Reversal runing protection    46 Main control CPU WDT protection
19 Anti-skip protection   47 Discretional setup of service floor
20 Anti terminal switches protection   48 Test running
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24 Failure analysis of shaft self learn   52 Full collective control
25 Motor temperature protection   53 Door opening button (external)
26 Door opening failure protection   54 Door opening button (internal)
27 Protection for door lock short circuit   55 Fire running function
28 Door lock failure for brake switches      
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1 Open the door in advance   10 Remote control
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Our reference specifiction: 
Observation elevator (square type)specifications
No. of persons  Rated capacity
(kg) 
Rated speed (m/s) Car net size Door net size(DW*DH)mm Shaft inside dimension Machine room size Max traveling height(m)
W*D(mm) 2P center opening  W*D(mm) Pit depth  OH W*D*H(mm)
10 800 1.0  1400*1350 800*2100 2250*1870 2000 4400 2450*3600*2900 45
1.6/1.75 2100 4500 96
13 1000 1.0  1400*1600 900*2100 2400*2120 2000 4400 2550*3800*2900 45
1.6/1.75 2100 4500 96
15 1150 1.0  1400*1800 900*2100 2600*2320 2000 4400 2600*3900*2900 45
1.6/1.75 2100 4500 96
18 1350 1.0  1600*1800 900*2100 2600*2320 2000 4400 2700*4000*2900 45
1.6/1.75 2100 4500 96
21 1600 1.0  1600*2100 1000*2100 2600*2620 2000 4400 2800*4200*2900 45
1.6/1.75 2100 4500 96
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