The international crude oil prices are high, China’s oil is rapidly replacing new energy sources, and many bottlenecks in the development of new energy have not yet been broken. However, there have been signs of overheated investment in various regions. In 2007, the oil and chemical industry in China will continue to develop rapidly, but the external market environment is occurring. Change: With the rapid development of alternative energy sources, the competitiveness of the Middle East region has increased, the difficulty of product exports has increased, and the pressure on green environmental protection is increasing. We will discuss the environmental factors affecting the petroleum and chemical industries in 2007 in the series of reports on “focusing on the external market environment†organized by this edition.
Due to the high international crude oil prices, domestic fuel ethanol and biodiesel projects using biomass as raw materials became investment hotspots in 2006; at the same time, hundreds of billions and tens of billions of dollars were used to produce nearly 100 coal-to-methanol/dimethyl ether and coal. Oil and coal-to-olefins projects have mushroomed. Faced with the blind investment impulses of various local companies, the relevant state departments have issued a series of policies to cool the overheated new energy industry.
Although considering the national energy supply, it is necessary to develop alternative energy as an appropriate supplement to oil. However, over the next few decades, the status of oil cannot be shaken. Since many bottlenecks in the development of new energy have not yet been broken, rational planning is needed for the development of new energy. The National Development and Reform Commission clearly stated that it is not possible to develop alternative energy sources on a large-scale and disorderly basis.
Biomass Liquid Fuel On November 29, 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission printed and issued the “Guidance Catalogue for the Development of Renewable Energy Industriesâ€. Fuel ethanol and biodiesel as biomass liquid fuels are listed as renewable energy sources in the industry catalog encouraged by the state. On January 1, 2006, China's "Renewable Energy Law" was formally implemented. At present, China's renewable energy use is developing at an annual rate of more than 25%.
According to the "Renewable Energy Medium and Long Term Development Plan" released by the country, China will invest 1.5 trillion yuan in the development of renewable energy in the next 15 years. By 2020, biomass liquid fuels with energy crops as the main raw material will reach Replace oil 10 million tons capacity.
The emergence of fuel ethanol overheating The National Development and Reform Commission urgently halted the bio-energy development represented by bio-fuel ethanol for five years. As one of the ten key projects in China's “Tenth Five-Year Planâ€, with the joint efforts of related parties, the biofuel ethanol industry A major development has been made. In 2006, the four pilot projects for biofuel ethanol production approved by the state have already produced 1.02 million tons/year of production capacity. Among them, Heilongjiang China Resources Alcohol Co., Ltd. is 100,000 tons/year, Jilin Fuel Ethanol Co., Ltd. is 300,000 tons/year, Henan Tianguan Fuel Ethanol Co., Ltd. is 300,000 tons/year, and Anhui Fengyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. is 320,000 tons/year. In 2004, the production of fuel ethanol was 680,000 tons. In 2005, it was 810,000 tons. In 2006, the output was expected to exceed 1 million tons.
Since 2002, the central government has supported trials and promotion of fuel ethanol. Major measures include investing 480 million yuan in treasury bonds for the construction of fuel ethanol companies in three provinces of Henan, Anhui, and Jilin. The implementation of tax incentives for the four pilot units approved by the state will be exempted from the 5% consumption tax on fuel ethanol. Since the pilot, a total of 190 million yuan has been reduced or exempted. The central government allocated a total of 2 billion yuan in loss subsidies.
According to Henan Tianguan Group, in 2004 and 2005, Tianguan Group enjoyed subsidies of RMB 2,070/t and RMB 1,721/t respectively. The subsidies enjoyed by Fengyuan Biochemical in 2005 and 2006 were 1,883 yuan/ton and 1,628 yuan/ton respectively. Since 2006, all financial subsidies have been unified at 1,373 yuan/ton, and the implementation time will be determined according to the time the company has reached the design capacity. Henan Tianguan Group has started to implement new subsidy policies, and Fengyuan Anhui started to implement it in 2007.
Driven by the country's supportive policies, strong market demand, and huge financial subsidies, the above-mentioned enterprises have expanded their production capacity. The total capacity at the end of 2006 was 1.63 million tons/year. The enthusiasm for the construction of fuel ethanol projects in all regions is unprecedentedly high, and the development of fuel ethanol has been included in the “Eleventh Five-Year†development plan, and the intentional production capacity of biofuel ethanol declared by the National Development and Reform Commission has exceeded 10 million tons/year. Blind development momentum is obvious.
At the crucial moment in the development of the biofuel ethanol industry, in December 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued successive “Emergency Enhancement of Biomass Fuel Ethanol Project Management, Promote Industrial Health Development†and “Strengthen Management of Corn Processing Project Constructionâ€. The notice began to cool down the rapidly rising fuel ethanol project: “Suspend approval and record corn processing projects immediately, and comprehensively clean up the projects under construction and proposed projects...†The notice requires strategically unified planning and correct guidance of the biofuel ethanol industry. Development to avoid blind development. It is necessary to expand the scale of development in accordance with the market development conditions; determine a reasonable layout and strict market access; rely on leading forces to improve the quality of development; stabilize policy support and strengthen market supervision.
Many bottlenecks in the emergence of biodiesel investment boom have not yet broken through. At present, there are dozens of biodiesel companies in China. The annual output exceeds 100,000 tons, mainly including Hainan Zhenghe Bio-Energy Co., Ltd., Sichuan Gushan Oil and Fat Chemical Co., Ltd., and Fujian Excellence New Energy Co., Ltd. Company etc. Since 2006, biodiesel has been warming up in Shanghai, Fujian, Jiangsu, Anhui, Chongqing, Xinjiang, and Guizhou. Private enterprises, state-owned enterprises, and even foreign companies have accelerated their entry into the industry. Unlike the small-scale input of 10,000 tons/year or less in the previous two years, local governments have begun to show large-scale input. For example, Anhui Guofeng Bio-Electric Co., Ltd. spent 500 million yuan for 600,000 tons/year of biodiesel (the first phase of 50,000 tons/year production line was put into operation in November 2006), and 750,000 tons of Nanjing Qingjiang Bio-Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Years of biodiesel projects. In Jiangsu Province alone, there are three 200,000-ton/year biodiesel projects in Nanjing, Zhangjiagang, and Wuxi, mainly invested by private enterprises. In recent days, there have been nearly 100 large and small biodiesel projects across the country. The total capacity of the projects under construction or proposed is more than 3 million tons/year. The major raw materials for biodiesel projects are mainly rapeseed oil and imported palm oil.
At present, China's biodiesel production is still in its infancy, and industrial policies, technical standards, technology selection, sales model, and environmental assessment are still not complete or sound, and there are no standardized sales channels. For the emerging biodiesel industry, the country has not yet issued a corresponding macro-control policy to regulate, but the upcoming "National Standard for Diesel Fuel Reconciliation Biodiesel (BD100)" will have a profound impact on the development of the industry.
China's biodiesel standards are based on the United States and European Union standards. The United States and the European Union have a single source of biodiesel and specifications for their production processes. In China, waste oils such as waste restaurant oils and vegetable oils are often used as raw materials. The production process is varied and the production equipment is varied. The production of biodiesel is difficult to meet strict national standards. The large-scale biodiesel production plant under construction or proposed to use high-quality vegetable oil as raw material can produce biodiesel that meets the national standards, but will face the bottleneck of insufficient raw materials and high prices. Due to the shortage of edible oil in China, about 10 million tons of vegetable oil need to be imported every year to meet domestic needs. At present, the market price of rapeseed oil is 7,000 yuan/ton, the production cost of biodiesel is 8,000 yuan/ton, and the sales price of biodiesel is 5,000 yuan/ton. If there is no fiscal subsidy, the company will lose 3,000 yuan for each ton of biodiesel produced.
Although a large number of barren hills and barren slopes in China can be planted with oil plants such as Jatropha and Pistacia chinensis, which may provide abundant raw materials for the biodiesel industry, the scale, production, and price of oil plants are still unclear. And from planting to harvesting requires a long period of time, far from hydrolyzing near thirst, so raw material resources are not implemented is an important factor restricting the development of biodiesel.
At present, waste restaurant oil is the main raw material for biodiesel in China. Due to the low price of raw materials, even if there is no financial subsidy, the company can make profits. Although biodiesel produced from waste restaurant oil does not meet national standards, it can be used as fuel oil and agricultural machinery oil. In China, 30 million tons of diesel oil is used every year as fuel oil. These low-grade biodiesel fuels that do not meet national standards can also reduce the consumption of diesel fuel.
Coal-based liquid fuels The “Eleventh Five-Year Plan Outline for National Economic and Social Development†promulgated by the People’s Republic of China on March 15, 2006 was promulgated to make a clear plan for the development of coal chemical industry. "Plan" determines: the development of coal chemical industry, the development of coal-based liquid fuels, orderly advance the construction of coal liquefaction demonstration projects, and promote the deep processing and transformation of coal.
Methanol / DME planning huge investment needs to be cautious At present, there are nearly 200 methanol production enterprises in China. Since 2006, new equipment has been completed and put into operation. It is expected that by the end of 2006, China's methanol production capacity will reach 10.97 million tons per year. The rise of China's coal chemical industry has been hot for two to three years. Coal-producing provinces have thrown out huge coal chemical development plans. So far, there are 88 methanol projects in China, with a total capacity of 48.5 million tons. /year. If the projects currently under construction and planning can be implemented as planned, the national methanol production capacity will reach 60 million tons/year by 2010. In addition to the 7 million tons/year methanol to olefins, the planned coal chemical projects are mainly targeted at fuel applications.
There are three major risks associated with coal-to-liquids, which requires no scientific development. The Shenhua Group's direct liquefaction and coal-to-liquids project started on August 25, 2004 is expected to be completed and put into production by the end of 2007. The first phase of the project will be three production lines with a capacity of 3 million tons/year. . On February 28, 2004, a 160,000-ton/year indirect liquefied petroleum product project was built at Luan Coal Industry Group, Shanxi Province. Shandong Yankuang Group also began operating a 10,000-ton/year indirect liquefaction plant in 2005, but the planned projects are as high as 30 million tons/year.
The coal chemical industry is characterized by large-scale, large-scale, integrated, and base-based industries. With high technology content and large investment intensity, it has a higher requirement for project owners' strength and social support conditions. China's coal resources are mainly distributed in the central and western regions where the level of economic and social development is relatively low, and the reliance conditions are relatively poor. Some places have ignored the bearing capacity of resources, ecology, and environment, and have emerged blindly to plan and compete to build a coal chemical project. This will have potential negative impacts on the sustained, healthy and steady development of the economy and society.
In the absence of the policy basis for the development of alcohol ether fuels and the three major risks of coal-to-liquids: investment, cost, and technology, the coal-to-methanol and coal-to-oil projects that have been launched across the country have shown a disorderly state and have become increasingly hot. Has attracted the attention of the relevant government and government departments.
In June 2006, Premier Wen Jiabao inspected the construction site of the Shenhua Group's coal-to-oil project under construction and said that the Shenhua Group's coal-to-liquids project is an important component of the national energy security strategy and a major scientific and technological exploration. It must respect the laws of science and The economic laws are piloted first and cannot start at all. On July 7th, the National Development and Reform Commission stated in its “Circular on Strengthening the Construction and Management of Coal Chemical Industry Projects to Promote the Healthy Development of Industries†that the competent authorities at all levels should not approve coal-to-oil projects with a scale of 3 million tons or less, and 1 million tons in general. Below-year methanol and dimethyl ether projects, and coal-to-olefins projects below 600,000 tons/year. The upsurge of coal chemical boom has been strongly suppressed by the government. At the end of 2006, China's "minimum long-term development plan for the coal chemical industry (draft)" was basically completed and will be promulgated in 2007.
Due to the high international crude oil prices, domestic fuel ethanol and biodiesel projects using biomass as raw materials became investment hotspots in 2006; at the same time, hundreds of billions and tens of billions of dollars were used to produce nearly 100 coal-to-methanol/dimethyl ether and coal. Oil and coal-to-olefins projects have mushroomed. Faced with the blind investment impulses of various local companies, the relevant state departments have issued a series of policies to cool the overheated new energy industry.
Although considering the national energy supply, it is necessary to develop alternative energy as an appropriate supplement to oil. However, over the next few decades, the status of oil cannot be shaken. Since many bottlenecks in the development of new energy have not yet been broken, rational planning is needed for the development of new energy. The National Development and Reform Commission clearly stated that it is not possible to develop alternative energy sources on a large-scale and disorderly basis.
Biomass Liquid Fuel On November 29, 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission printed and issued the “Guidance Catalogue for the Development of Renewable Energy Industriesâ€. Fuel ethanol and biodiesel as biomass liquid fuels are listed as renewable energy sources in the industry catalog encouraged by the state. On January 1, 2006, China's "Renewable Energy Law" was formally implemented. At present, China's renewable energy use is developing at an annual rate of more than 25%.
According to the "Renewable Energy Medium and Long Term Development Plan" released by the country, China will invest 1.5 trillion yuan in the development of renewable energy in the next 15 years. By 2020, biomass liquid fuels with energy crops as the main raw material will reach Replace oil 10 million tons capacity.
The emergence of fuel ethanol overheating The National Development and Reform Commission urgently halted the bio-energy development represented by bio-fuel ethanol for five years. As one of the ten key projects in China's “Tenth Five-Year Planâ€, with the joint efforts of related parties, the biofuel ethanol industry A major development has been made. In 2006, the four pilot projects for biofuel ethanol production approved by the state have already produced 1.02 million tons/year of production capacity. Among them, Heilongjiang China Resources Alcohol Co., Ltd. is 100,000 tons/year, Jilin Fuel Ethanol Co., Ltd. is 300,000 tons/year, Henan Tianguan Fuel Ethanol Co., Ltd. is 300,000 tons/year, and Anhui Fengyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. is 320,000 tons/year. In 2004, the production of fuel ethanol was 680,000 tons. In 2005, it was 810,000 tons. In 2006, the output was expected to exceed 1 million tons.
Since 2002, the central government has supported trials and promotion of fuel ethanol. Major measures include investing 480 million yuan in treasury bonds for the construction of fuel ethanol companies in three provinces of Henan, Anhui, and Jilin. The implementation of tax incentives for the four pilot units approved by the state will be exempted from the 5% consumption tax on fuel ethanol. Since the pilot, a total of 190 million yuan has been reduced or exempted. The central government allocated a total of 2 billion yuan in loss subsidies.
According to Henan Tianguan Group, in 2004 and 2005, Tianguan Group enjoyed subsidies of RMB 2,070/t and RMB 1,721/t respectively. The subsidies enjoyed by Fengyuan Biochemical in 2005 and 2006 were 1,883 yuan/ton and 1,628 yuan/ton respectively. Since 2006, all financial subsidies have been unified at 1,373 yuan/ton, and the implementation time will be determined according to the time the company has reached the design capacity. Henan Tianguan Group has started to implement new subsidy policies, and Fengyuan Anhui started to implement it in 2007.
Driven by the country's supportive policies, strong market demand, and huge financial subsidies, the above-mentioned enterprises have expanded their production capacity. The total capacity at the end of 2006 was 1.63 million tons/year. The enthusiasm for the construction of fuel ethanol projects in all regions is unprecedentedly high, and the development of fuel ethanol has been included in the “Eleventh Five-Year†development plan, and the intentional production capacity of biofuel ethanol declared by the National Development and Reform Commission has exceeded 10 million tons/year. Blind development momentum is obvious.
At the crucial moment in the development of the biofuel ethanol industry, in December 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued successive “Emergency Enhancement of Biomass Fuel Ethanol Project Management, Promote Industrial Health Development†and “Strengthen Management of Corn Processing Project Constructionâ€. The notice began to cool down the rapidly rising fuel ethanol project: “Suspend approval and record corn processing projects immediately, and comprehensively clean up the projects under construction and proposed projects...†The notice requires strategically unified planning and correct guidance of the biofuel ethanol industry. Development to avoid blind development. It is necessary to expand the scale of development in accordance with the market development conditions; determine a reasonable layout and strict market access; rely on leading forces to improve the quality of development; stabilize policy support and strengthen market supervision.
Many bottlenecks in the emergence of biodiesel investment boom have not yet broken through. At present, there are dozens of biodiesel companies in China. The annual output exceeds 100,000 tons, mainly including Hainan Zhenghe Bio-Energy Co., Ltd., Sichuan Gushan Oil and Fat Chemical Co., Ltd., and Fujian Excellence New Energy Co., Ltd. Company etc. Since 2006, biodiesel has been warming up in Shanghai, Fujian, Jiangsu, Anhui, Chongqing, Xinjiang, and Guizhou. Private enterprises, state-owned enterprises, and even foreign companies have accelerated their entry into the industry. Unlike the small-scale input of 10,000 tons/year or less in the previous two years, local governments have begun to show large-scale input. For example, Anhui Guofeng Bio-Electric Co., Ltd. spent 500 million yuan for 600,000 tons/year of biodiesel (the first phase of 50,000 tons/year production line was put into operation in November 2006), and 750,000 tons of Nanjing Qingjiang Bio-Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Years of biodiesel projects. In Jiangsu Province alone, there are three 200,000-ton/year biodiesel projects in Nanjing, Zhangjiagang, and Wuxi, mainly invested by private enterprises. In recent days, there have been nearly 100 large and small biodiesel projects across the country. The total capacity of the projects under construction or proposed is more than 3 million tons/year. The major raw materials for biodiesel projects are mainly rapeseed oil and imported palm oil.
At present, China's biodiesel production is still in its infancy, and industrial policies, technical standards, technology selection, sales model, and environmental assessment are still not complete or sound, and there are no standardized sales channels. For the emerging biodiesel industry, the country has not yet issued a corresponding macro-control policy to regulate, but the upcoming "National Standard for Diesel Fuel Reconciliation Biodiesel (BD100)" will have a profound impact on the development of the industry.
China's biodiesel standards are based on the United States and European Union standards. The United States and the European Union have a single source of biodiesel and specifications for their production processes. In China, waste oils such as waste restaurant oils and vegetable oils are often used as raw materials. The production process is varied and the production equipment is varied. The production of biodiesel is difficult to meet strict national standards. The large-scale biodiesel production plant under construction or proposed to use high-quality vegetable oil as raw material can produce biodiesel that meets the national standards, but will face the bottleneck of insufficient raw materials and high prices. Due to the shortage of edible oil in China, about 10 million tons of vegetable oil need to be imported every year to meet domestic needs. At present, the market price of rapeseed oil is 7,000 yuan/ton, the production cost of biodiesel is 8,000 yuan/ton, and the sales price of biodiesel is 5,000 yuan/ton. If there is no fiscal subsidy, the company will lose 3,000 yuan for each ton of biodiesel produced.
Although a large number of barren hills and barren slopes in China can be planted with oil plants such as Jatropha and Pistacia chinensis, which may provide abundant raw materials for the biodiesel industry, the scale, production, and price of oil plants are still unclear. And from planting to harvesting requires a long period of time, far from hydrolyzing near thirst, so raw material resources are not implemented is an important factor restricting the development of biodiesel.
At present, waste restaurant oil is the main raw material for biodiesel in China. Due to the low price of raw materials, even if there is no financial subsidy, the company can make profits. Although biodiesel produced from waste restaurant oil does not meet national standards, it can be used as fuel oil and agricultural machinery oil. In China, 30 million tons of diesel oil is used every year as fuel oil. These low-grade biodiesel fuels that do not meet national standards can also reduce the consumption of diesel fuel.
Coal-based liquid fuels The “Eleventh Five-Year Plan Outline for National Economic and Social Development†promulgated by the People’s Republic of China on March 15, 2006 was promulgated to make a clear plan for the development of coal chemical industry. "Plan" determines: the development of coal chemical industry, the development of coal-based liquid fuels, orderly advance the construction of coal liquefaction demonstration projects, and promote the deep processing and transformation of coal.
Methanol / DME planning huge investment needs to be cautious At present, there are nearly 200 methanol production enterprises in China. Since 2006, new equipment has been completed and put into operation. It is expected that by the end of 2006, China's methanol production capacity will reach 10.97 million tons per year. The rise of China's coal chemical industry has been hot for two to three years. Coal-producing provinces have thrown out huge coal chemical development plans. So far, there are 88 methanol projects in China, with a total capacity of 48.5 million tons. /year. If the projects currently under construction and planning can be implemented as planned, the national methanol production capacity will reach 60 million tons/year by 2010. In addition to the 7 million tons/year methanol to olefins, the planned coal chemical projects are mainly targeted at fuel applications.
There are three major risks associated with coal-to-liquids, which requires no scientific development. The Shenhua Group's direct liquefaction and coal-to-liquids project started on August 25, 2004 is expected to be completed and put into production by the end of 2007. The first phase of the project will be three production lines with a capacity of 3 million tons/year. . On February 28, 2004, a 160,000-ton/year indirect liquefied petroleum product project was built at Luan Coal Industry Group, Shanxi Province. Shandong Yankuang Group also began operating a 10,000-ton/year indirect liquefaction plant in 2005, but the planned projects are as high as 30 million tons/year.
The coal chemical industry is characterized by large-scale, large-scale, integrated, and base-based industries. With high technology content and large investment intensity, it has a higher requirement for project owners' strength and social support conditions. China's coal resources are mainly distributed in the central and western regions where the level of economic and social development is relatively low, and the reliance conditions are relatively poor. Some places have ignored the bearing capacity of resources, ecology, and environment, and have emerged blindly to plan and compete to build a coal chemical project. This will have potential negative impacts on the sustained, healthy and steady development of the economy and society.
In the absence of the policy basis for the development of alcohol ether fuels and the three major risks of coal-to-liquids: investment, cost, and technology, the coal-to-methanol and coal-to-oil projects that have been launched across the country have shown a disorderly state and have become increasingly hot. Has attracted the attention of the relevant government and government departments.
In June 2006, Premier Wen Jiabao inspected the construction site of the Shenhua Group's coal-to-oil project under construction and said that the Shenhua Group's coal-to-liquids project is an important component of the national energy security strategy and a major scientific and technological exploration. It must respect the laws of science and The economic laws are piloted first and cannot start at all. On July 7th, the National Development and Reform Commission stated in its “Circular on Strengthening the Construction and Management of Coal Chemical Industry Projects to Promote the Healthy Development of Industries†that the competent authorities at all levels should not approve coal-to-oil projects with a scale of 3 million tons or less, and 1 million tons in general. Below-year methanol and dimethyl ether projects, and coal-to-olefins projects below 600,000 tons/year. The upsurge of coal chemical boom has been strongly suppressed by the government. At the end of 2006, China's "minimum long-term development plan for the coal chemical industry (draft)" was basically completed and will be promulgated in 2007.
Gas compressor Co., Ltd. , http://www.airpuris.com