For a machine tool in use, it is often incapable of changing the dynamic stiffness of the machine structure system. However, when the machine is vibrating, the following method is often used to check whether the dynamic stiffness of the machine tool is reduced and the damping of the vibration is reduced. It is.
First check whether the cooperation between the spindle journal and the bearing bore is appropriate. In particular, check the front bearing. If it is a rolling bearing, check that the pre-tightening amount is insufficient. Is there a gap? If the bearing hole and the journal are tapered, check whether the taper is Consistent. If it is a sliding bearing, check if the clearance is too large.
The second is to check whether the guide rail clearance of the tool holder, slide plate, table, etc. is too large. If the gap is large, it is necessary to adjust the tightness of the wedge iron or scrape the slide plate and the guide rail to change the contact condition, strengthen the joint rigidity, and also increase the damping of the vibration.
Vibration isolation and vibration reduction When vibration is unavoidable, vibration isolation or vibration reduction should be used. Vibration isolation is the setting of obstacles in the vibration transmission path so that vibration cannot be transmitted to the tool and the workpiece. Vibration isolation can be divided into two types. One is active vibration isolation. It is a machine that is vibration itself. In order to reduce the influence on the equipment, it is isolated from the foundation. For example, on the cylindrical grinding machine, in order to prevent the vibration of the grinding wheel motor. Passed to the grinding wheel and the workpiece, often with a rubber pad under the base of the motor. The second is passive vibration isolation, which is to prevent the vibration caused by the external vibration source from entering the whole process system of the machine workpiece.
In the case of turning, for example, when installing a precision machine tool, it is often provided with a seismic trench on the foundation to prevent the cutting of the self-vibration, or the machine tool is mounted on a suitable elastic device.
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