The 16th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress convened on the 24th held its third review of the Law on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution. After two deliberations and revisions, there are several important changes in the draft law that concern people's "cardiopulmonary predicament."
Improve the fuel quality standards, make it clear that the environmental protection department can go to the depot to carry out on-site inspections and sample inspections, increase the use of remote sensing monitoring methods to supervise and test the running motor vehicles, and strictly control the air pollution emissions of ships.... These hard measures are expected to become the four new "treasures" for controlling atmospheric pollution.
Magic weapon one: clear environmental protection departments to seize the source of sampling, shocking fraud
A survey by the reporter found that in the domestic heavy-duty diesel vehicle market, counterfeit sales of environmental protection devices were serious, and some automobile manufacturers “send sample vehicles for inspection and batch production for fake salesâ€. There are problems such as the lack of supervision on new vehicles, the difficulty of pre-review, and the lack of follow-up supervision. It is difficult to change the status quo of “smoke and smoky†beyond the status quo by relying on road inspections.
The current Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law stipulates that, in the manufacture, sale, or importation of motor-vehicles that emit pollutants in excess of the prescribed discharge standards, the department that “exercises supervision and management rights according to law†shall order it to stop illegal activities, confiscate the illegal gains, and be allowed to concurrently deduct the illegal income more than one time. fine.
Li Kunsheng, director of the Vehicle Emissions Management Division of the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, said that whether the issue of motor vehicle emissions is a product quality issue or whether the environmental protection department “exercises the supervision and management rights according to law†is inconclusive, resulting in more than 10 years of counterfeiting for vehicle manufacturers. There are few penalties for false or excessive sales of vehicles, and in the past 10 years, the quality supervision department has formulated and revised the vehicle recall management regulations twice. There is no “environmental recall†content, and it is difficult to restrain the car manufacturers from making counterfeit sales.
The draft of the third review of the revised draft of the Air Pollution Prevention Act gave the environmental protection authority the power to conduct on-site inspections and sample tests. It is stipulated that government environmental protection authorities at or above the provincial level may, through on-site inspections, sampling inspections, etc., strengthen the supervision and inspection of the state of air pollutant emissions from new production and sales of motor vehicles and non-road mobile machinery. Industrial and information technology, quality supervision, industrial and commercial administration and other relevant departments shall cooperate.
"No greetings, no mercy." Experts pointed out that the revised draft will give the relevant supervisory authority to the environmental administrative department, which is conducive to the strict management of automobile enterprises from the source, creating a shock.
Magic 2: Improve oil product standards and strictly restrict oil companies
Fuel quality is directly related to vehicle exhaust emissions. Sun Baoshu, deputy chairman of the National People's Congress Law Committee, said that for a long time, China’s fuel quality standards have lagged behind motor vehicle emission standards. No matter whether it is a national or national standard, some environmental protection indicators such as olefins and aromatics have been set. High is one of the important reasons that cause the exhaust of motor vehicles to pollute the urban atmosphere.
The draft of the third review of the revised draft of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law adds clauses and proposes that fuel quality standards should be formulated in accordance with the national air pollutant control requirements. At the same time, petroleum refining enterprises should produce fuel according to fuel quality standards.
The relevant experts of the China Motor Vehicle Pollution Prevention and Control Commission stated that the upgrading of oil standards can achieve a further increase in the efficiency of all motor vehicle emission purification systems in use, and ensure that the vehicles meet the emission standards in the corresponding stage and meet the discharge standards, during the storage and transportation of refined oil products. All links reduce the emission of harmful gases such as volatile organic compounds.
The expert also reminded that the lag in China's vehicle oil standards has forced the implementation of the motor vehicle emission standards to be postponed several times. It is recommended that the environmental protection department take the lead in organizing the formulation of vehicle oil quality standards with other departments. Regarding the “Petroleum refining enterprises should produce fuel oil according to fuel quality standardsâ€, it is necessary to focus on strengthening the supervision and inspection of quality third parties in the circulation field to ensure that the fuel quality meets standards.
Magic 3: high-tech remote sensing, exercise vehicle emissions can also be detected
How to supervise the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles in motion? The revised draft of the third review proposes that, without affecting normal traffic, it can supervise and measure the emission status of motor vehicles driven by remote sensing and other technical means. The management department cooperates.
It is understood that the use of laser remote sensing monitoring technology to detect motor vehicle emissions is based on the use of infrared light and ultraviolet light emitted by remote sensing equipment to irradiate vehicle exhaust gas. The absorption spectrum of different substances in the exhaust gas is analyzed to detect carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons. , nitrogen oxide concentration. This technology has the characteristics of fast detection, high efficiency, wide monitoring range, and saving manpower. It has been applied in many developed countries and regions.
Li Zhaonan, deputy director of the Beijing Vehicle Emissions Management Center, said that remote sensing monitoring can help fill the regulatory gap for motor vehicles on the road and increase the technological content of environmental law enforcement inspections.
Li Yannan introduced that after the implementation of remote sensing monitoring, the monitoring data will automatically enter the database. For the monitoring of vehicles exceeding the standard, the owner will be notified of the vehicle overhaul by sending text messages, written letters, etc. At the same time, through the analysis of a large number of monitoring data, the type of motor vehicles with higher emission levels can also be screened to facilitate the strengthening of vehicle management.
Magic 4: Reduce Ship Sewerage and Define Control Areas
Ships have always been a source of neglected air pollution. A member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress proposed that air pollution is serious in coastal port cities, and pollutants emitted by ships are an important source, especially for ocean-going ships. The fuel used is mainly heavy oil with high sulfur content and is highly polluting.
The revised version of the third reviewer adds provisions that the State Council department in charge of transportation may designate a ship's air pollutant discharge control zone in coastal waters, and ships entering the discharge control zone shall meet ship-related discharge requirements. At the same time, it is proposed that motor vehicles, ships, and non-road moving machinery must not exceed the standard emission of atmospheric pollutants.
The relevant experts of the China Motor Vehicle Pollution Prevention and Control Commission stated that it is very timely and necessary to incorporate ship and port construction machinery into the management. Currently, it is necessary to carry out technical upgrading of marine emission control, effectively improve marine emission standards, and reduce port ship pollution.
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