Construction and Maintenance of Main Components of Agricultural Water Pump

Drainage and irrigation machinery is the main machinery used in agricultural mechanization and farmland water conservancy mechanization. However, agricultural water pump is an important part of irrigation and drainage machinery and plays an important role in agricultural drought and drainage and ensuring yield increase. Various agricultural pumps play a decisive role in the same time also revealed some problems, to varying degrees, drought and drainage work. Overhaul of agricultural irrigation and drainage machinery, agricultural pumps necessary maintenance, so that these machines in the best working condition, to ensure the bumper harvest of agriculture has a very important significance. The following agricultural pump main components of the structure and overhaul described as follows:

First, the pump shaft

1, the role and structure: The role of the pump shaft is to transmit power and impel the pump impeller rotation, the pump shaft is generally supported by a bearing, one end equipped with a coupling or pulley, the impeller is fixed at the other end or in the middle. Axial pump shaft slender, and rubber bearing and filler contact surface plated with chrome or inlaid stainless steel sleeve, in order to increase the wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Some centrifugal pumps and mixed flow pump shaft, in contact with the filler section is equipped with a sleeve to protect the shaft is not in direct contact with the filler, wear only need to change the sleeve, in order to extend the life of the shaft.

2, overhaul: Pump running for a period of time, the pump shaft prone to bending and wear, except for the running time is too long, disassembly and transportation accidentally bend the shaft, the main reason is: the shaft itself manufacturing quality problems, such as Strength or rigidity is not enough, the heat treatment does not meet the requirements, impeller assembly is not balanced, the power shaft and the pump shaft is not the heart, the belt too tight, bearing installation skew, poor lubrication, so that the pump shaft early wear or bending. After this phenomenon, it should be timely maintenance, to ensure the normal operation of the pump, otherwise it will cause the rotor imbalance and static and dynamic part of the wear and tear.

After the initial confirmation of the pump shaft bending, in the conditional place, you can check on the platform or lathe with a dial indicator, but also the pump shaft rack in the V-type iron, V-type iron to put a solid, then the dial gauge branch , The rod points to the shaft, and then slowly pull the pump shaft, the shaft has a curved case, each turn, the dial indicator has a maximum reading and a minimum reading, the difference between the two readings indicates the degree of bending of the shaft. There are many ways to align the axes, but for pumps, the easiest way to do this is twisting the straight axis method. Straight shaft, the shaft on the hardwood (or pad of copper on the square iron), concave down, with a hammer, twist stick beat. Beat when the first place from the maximum curvature, the scope of the fight by the circumference of 1/3, can be pre-drawn on the shaft. 1/3 arc center to play a few more times, the less the number of playing on both sides of the less straight, the initial straight faster, later slower. In the twisting process but also to measure changes in shaft bending, do not overdone. The straightening support is softer than the twist bar, and the contact surface is larger.

The use of longer, worn shaft should generally be replaced with a new shaft, a sleeve shaft can wear after replacement of new shaft sleeve wear. In addition, the shaft wear can be sprayed or welded, and then re-processed to the required dimensional accuracy.

Second, the impeller

1, the role and structure: The function of the pump impeller is to pass the mechanical energy of the power machine to the water and increase the energy of the water. The impeller consists of a blade and a hub. The blade and the hub are cast integrally, and the blade is made to be adjustably mounted on the hub. Impeller closed, semi-enclosed, open-minded. Centrifugal pump impeller blade thickness is generally 3-6 mm, the number of leaves 6-10, too little blade vortex in the impeller channel, blade too much will increase the flow of friction loss. In order to reduce the volume leakage leakage, impeller inlet often with a seal ring.

2, overhaul: Impeller wear or damage the general reasons are: impeller imbalance or improper installation; due to the pump shaft bending, shaft and power shaft is not the same heart, bearing or packing wear too much; ; Debris sucked into the impeller, broken impeller, cavitation, resulting in honeycomb-like cavities. If the impeller wear too much or has been broken, the general should replace the new impeller. Local damage can be welding repair, epoxy mortar can also be used to repair the impeller, which is worn on the entire blade of epoxy resin mortar, can receive better control effect. After the repair of the impeller should generally be static balance test.

Third, pressure water chamber

1, the role and structure: Water pump pressure chamber by the volute, guide vane and other components. The function of the pressure chamber is to eliminate the rotational movement of the water and convert it to pressure energy to send the water to the outlet pipe or to the next stage impeller. Centrifugal pump and mixed flow pump common pressure chamber is a spiral, known as the volute. Volute generally single-stage single suction, single-stage double-suction, multi-stage open pump.

2, overhaul: due to hot and cold, excessive pressure or improper installation, handling and collision and other reasons, may cause the volute or guide leaf body crack. Check the general use of a small hammer gently tap the pump housing, if the sound is broken, indicating a crack, in order to determine the location and length of the pump casing can be poured on kerosene, and then wipe dry, and then coated with a layer of white powder along the cracks Toner due to the emergence of kerosene spots, cracks clearly visible. Crack is not long, less stringent sealing site can be cracked in both ends of a small hole, the crack is no longer expansion, as a temporary solution. Cracks, sealing strict requirements of the site should be cold, hot welding make up.

In addition, the pump operation, should pay close attention to the mouth ring, bearings, elbows, shaft seals and other parts and devices found fault should be timely maintenance, to ensure the normal operation of the pump.

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